The if statement in bash script is used to conditionally execute a command based on the exit status of a test command. The basic syntax of an if statement is:

if [ test_command ]; then
  commands
fi

How Do I Use Conditional Statements in a Bash Script?

1. Open your terminal or shell.
2. Create a new file using a text editor of your choice. For example, you can use the nano editor to create a file called “ifelse.sh”:

nano ifelse.sh

3. Type the following code into the file:

#!/bin/bash

# Declaring a variable
age=30

# Using the if statement to check the value of a variable
if [ $age -gt 18 ]; then
  echo "You are an adult."
else
  echo "You are a minor."
fi

4. Save the file and exit the editor.
5. Make the file executable by running the following command in the terminal:

chmod +x ifelse.sh

6. Finally, run the script by typing:

./ifelse.sh

You should see the message “You are an adult.” printed in the terminal.

And that’s it! Remember: